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2012/10/27

epsilon-delta proofs 2

Do you remember that real numbers consist of rational numbers, irrational numbers, and 0? And all rational numbers have fractional expressions p/q, in which p is an integer, and q is also an integer not zero. In calculations using fractions, the value of p/q is a positive or negative integer, 0, or a terminating or recurring decimal.

As explained in the previous post, integers or terminating decimals are equal to a recurring decimal. As irrational numbers originally are numbers recurring infinitely, it follows that all real numbers except 0 also recurre infinitely.

Since it is possible to construct a real number sequence by analyzing the number having infinite digits, all real numbers can be expressed a real number sequence. For instance, when a=2.4, its sequence a_n is as follows:

a_0=2.3
a_1=2.39
a_2=2.399
a_3=2.3999
\cdots \cdots

If we make n infinite, then a_{\infty }=a=2.4. But if n is finite, the more you increase n, the smaller the difference |a_n-a| becomes. I will give the definition of a_n approches a.

[Def-1] a_n approches a, when for any \epsilon >0, there is a N>0 such that if n\geq N,
|a_n-a|< \epsilon
Then we can write that:
\lim_{n\rightarrow \infty }a_n=a
Or:
a_n\rightarrow a\quad (n\rightarrow \infty )
This is the most elementary expression of epsilon-delta techniques. The above example of \lim_{n\rightarrow \infty }a_n=a is 2.3999\cdots  =2.4

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