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2013/12/05

real number system 10 (Cauchy sequence)

In nested intervals, let a_n  be the increasing sequence from the left-hand side and b_n  be the decreasing sequence from the right-hand side. In the definition of the convergence the crucial condition was |a_n-b_n|\rightarrow 0  as n\rightarrow \infty .

Given a sequence c_n  and consider a sequence n_i  of positive integers such that  n_1<n_2<\cdots . Then the sequence c_{n_i}  is called a sub sequence of c_n .
It is clear that c_n  converges to c  if and only if every sub sequence of c_n  converges to c .

A sequence c_n  is said to be a Cauchy sequence if for any \epsilon>0 there is a N  such that |c_n-c_m|<\epsilon  if n,m\geq N . (It means |c_n-c_m|\rightarrow 0 but [c_n,c_m] are not always nested. )

We need to know the theorem in which every convergent sequence is a Cauchy sequence. However in the theorem the limit is not explicitly involved.



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